New York Times Reporting: No matter where you live, your income or your quality of life, the average life expectancy of women around the world is significantly higher than that of men. However, the reasons are complicated, and comparing longer may n...
New York Times Reporting: No matter where you live, your income or your quality of life, the average life expectancy of women around the world is significantly higher than that of men. However, the reasons are complicated, and comparing longer may not mean healthier. As for the reasons that lead to the life gap between men and women, the current research in the scientific community may roughly be due to the following four factors: genes, hormones, life behaviors, and social environment.
Dena Dubal, a doctor of Neurology at the University of California, pointed out that the average life expectancy of women over men is "a very significant phenomenon around the world, even during periods of shortage, epidemics and food deprivation." This phenomenon is also suitable for most breastfeeding animals.
The reasons behind the investigation are very complicated and not very clear. Moreover, longevity does not necessarily mean a better quality of life. Nice Benayoun, associate professor at the School of Application Research and Management of the University of Southern California, pointed out that women's healthy life, that is, the number of years of healthy living, is often shorter than men.
The academic community is trying to find the difference between aging between men and women, hoping to extend the life of both sexes and healthy life. And scientists have found that genes may be one of the reasons.
More and more studies have shown that sexual chromatography X in women may affect life, although the specific mechanism is not yet known. According to a 2018 study in the Dooper Laboratory, mice with two X-stains and ovaries had the longest life, followed by two X-stains and testicles. mice with one X-stains and each had shorter life.
Dupor pointed out: "What does the second X stainless body seem to have, and it has a role in preventing mice from premature death. What if the second X stainless body has something like a scent of the ageless spring?"
Secondly, researchers are also studying the role of estrogen in aphrodisiacs, especially the impact on the immune system.
Beyon quoted reliable data that women's immune systems tend to perform better, more efficiently and responsively at least until menopause. Overall, men "respond to infections is much worse", which can affect and shorten their lives. In addition, women who stop late generally refer to women who are over 50 years old and who are older than those who stop earlier than they stop early. During menopause, estrogen concentration decreases and the female immune system seems to weaken.
Furthermore, behavioral patterns are the key factor in the poor life of men and women. Kyle Bourassa, an expert in senior research at Duke University, said women are often less likely to smoke or drink than men, and these behaviors have a significant impact on mortality.
Boras also mentioned that compared to men, women tend to adopt "behaviors that are beneficial to health", such as providing safety belts and annual inspections. Not only that, women are more social than men, so that they are less affected by negative effects such as social isolation and solitary. An analysis in 2023 found that women are less likely to die from overdose or self-kill.
Finally, in terms of external factors, Naoko Muramatsu, a professor of health sciences at the University of Erino, Chicago, said that problems such as war and gun violence have a greater impact on men on a wider social level.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the mortality rate among men was higher than that among women. Research shows that men are more likely to work on virus-treating jobs, or are more likely to be homeless or imprisoned. All of these can affect mortality.
Alan Cohen, associate professor of public health sciences at the University of Colombia, proposed that at the very end, it is the combination of all these factors that determine the life gap, and "there may be thousands of combinations of these factors."
Responsible editor: Gu Zihuan
